25 Amazing Points of Types of Energy

Table of Contents

25 Amazing Points of Types of Energy

KEY POINTS:

(1) law of conservation of energy

(2) Transformation of energy

(3) Kinetic energy

(4) Potential energy

(5) renewable source of energy

(6) Non-renewable sources of energy

(7) Nuclear energy and Geothermal energy

(8) Wind energy

(9) Tidal energy

(10) Ocean thermal energy

(1) According to the law of conservation of energy, it can neither be created nor destroyed. It can only be changed from one form to another. Thus, the total energy before and after the transformation always remains constant.

(2) Transformation of energy is the conversion of energy from one form to the other.

(3) Energy is found in various forms such as mechanical energy, chemical energy, heat energy, elastic energy, sound energy, light energy, electrical energy, nuclear energy, etc.

25 Amazing Points of Types of Energy

(4) Mechanical energy is of two types.

(a) Kinetic energy

(b) Potential energy

(5) Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object by virtue of its motion. Its expression is

Kinetic Energy (KE) = ½ m v²

Where m is the mass of the object and v is the velocity attained by the object.

25 Amazing Points of Types of Energy

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(6) Potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its position. Its expression is

Potential Energy (PE) (U) = mgh

Where m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity and h is the height.

(7) The main source of energy on the earth is the Sun which is radiating an enormous amount of energy at the present rate for nearly 5 billion years and will continue radiating at the same rate for about more than 5 billion years.

The energy stored in the coal, petroleum products, wood, air and ocean currents, clouds and rain are all derived from the sun.

(8) Sources of energy can be classified as renewable sources and non-renewable sources.

(9) A renewable source of energy provides energy in a convenient form over a long period of time.

25 Amazing Points of Types of Energy

(10) Renewable sources of energy can be used again and again.

Examples : Sun energy, energy of the flowing water, wind energy, tidal energy, ocean waves energy.

(11) Non-renewable sources of energy are those which cannot be used again and again i.e. once used, are exhausted. Examples: fossil fuels like coal, petrol, natural gas, diesel etc.

(12) The energy harnessed from flowing water, wind, tides ocean waves and biogas are the energy sources that are directly or indirectly derived from the energy of the sun.

(13) Nuclear energy and Geothermal energy are examples of other sources of energy but are likely to be available for a long time. These are not related to Sun’s energy. Those source of energy are also classified as renewable sources.

25 Amazing Points of Types of Energy

(14) Energy of water flowing through rivers is also solar energy in another form. It is utilized to produce electricity on a large scale at hydroelectric power plants.

(15) Wind energy is an environment friendly and efficient source of renewable energy which requires no recurring expenses for the production of electricity.

Energy harnessed through wind energy devices is used :

(a) to do mechanical work

(b) to produce electricity

(16) Tidal energy is the energy possessed by the rising and falling water in tides.

(17) Waves generated by strong winds blowing across the sea possess kinetic energy which can be trapped to generate electricity.

25 Amazing Points of Types of Energy

(18) Geothermal is the energy derived from the hot spots beneath the earth.

Geothermal energy is the heat energy present inside the earth’s crust.

It occurs in three forms: natural regions, hot water and hot rocks.

(19) Ocean thermal energy is the energy harnessed due to temperature difference (20 degree Celsius or more) between warm surface waters heated by the sun and colder waters found at ocean depths upto 2 km. The devices used to harness this form of ocean energy are known as Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) power plants. It is another form in which solar energy becomes available from the oceans.

(20) Energy of flowing water, tides and ocean waves is harnessed to produce electricity by building dams.

25 Amazing Points of Types of Energy

(21) Photosynthesis is the process in which green plants convert solar energy into chemical energy. This energy is known as bioenergy.

(22) In a thermal power plant, fossil fuels (coal, petroleum and natural gas) are burnt to heat up water to produce steam which further runs turbine to generate electricity. Hence heat energy is converted into electrical energy.

(23) Hydropower plants convert the potential energy of falling water into electricity. Since there are very few water walls which could be used as a source of potential energy, hydropower plants are associated with dams.